Todorov's Theory of Narrative

Thrillers generally follow Todorov's Theory of Narrative throughout the film. It goes like this:

1. The film starts in a state of equilibrium when everything is as it should be. This is when the set up usually occurs and all of the vital information is provided. It includes introducing the main characters, the basic story line, location and it prepares the audience for the story to come.
2. Disequilibrium then occurs when there is a disruption of that order by an event. This is usually caused by a catalyst and will change the situation. It will set things going. It could be a specific action (like a murder, or other crime) or could be a piece of information. It is the presentation of this catalyst which raises the central question of the story - a problem or situation that needs to be resolved. 
3. A recognition that the disaster has occurred then takes place. This is when the central characters begin to realise that something is wrong. 
4. An attempt to repair the damage of the disruption will then happen. 
5. Finally, a return of restoration will take place with a new equilibrium. It will be relatively similar to the old equilibrium apart from one thing which will be different. For example, two people may get married.

Todorov argues that the narrative involves a transformation. The characters or the situations are transformed through the process of the disruption.